Heat olive oil in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium heat.
Add diced onion and cook for 5 minutes until translucent.
Stir in minced garlic, cumin, oregano, chili powder, and cayenne pepper; cook for 1 minute until fragrant.
Add the chicken breasts, green chiles, beans, and chicken broth to the pot.
Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer covered for 20 minutes or until chicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.
Remove the chicken breasts to a plate and shred using two forks.
Return the shredded chicken to the pot and stir in the frozen corn.
Add the softened cream cheese and sour cream, stirring continuously until the dairy is fully incorporated and the sauce is smooth.
Season with salt and pepper to taste and simmer for an additional 5 minutes to allow the flavors to meld.